Dutch for the practical exam — verbs, technical terms and ready-made phrases
Dutch for the practical exam — verbs, technical terms and ready-made phrases
Candidates who sit the practical exam in a second language often don't lose points on technical knowledge, but at the moment that knowledge has to be formulated out loud, on the spot, in Dutch. This page is not a language course, but a targeted set of verbs, technical terms and ready-made sentences that actually come up during a NEN 3140 VP practical exam — so that language doesn't get in the way of the answer you already know.
Verbs you need
Most of the technical terms in this exam are separable verbs: the prefix (uit, in, aan, vast, af) moves to the end of the main clause.
| Verb | Meaning | Example sentence |
|---|---|---|
| schakelen | to switch (general) | Ik schakel de groep uit. |
| uitschakelen | to switch off | Ik schakel automaat 9 uit. |
| inschakelen | to switch on | Mag ik de hoofdschakelaar inschakelen? |
| scheiden | to isolate (physically, visibly) | Ik scheid de groep door het patroon te verwijderen. |
| beveiligen | to protect, secure | De groep is beveiligd tegen opnieuw inschakelen. |
| aantonen | to demonstrate, prove | Ik toon de spanningsloosheid aan. |
| meten | to measure | Ik meet L-N, L-PE en N-PE. |
| vervangen | to replace | De contactdoos moet vervangen worden. |
| controleren | to check | Kunt u mijn schakelbrief controleren? |
| melden | to report | Ik meld de werkzaamheden gereed. |
| vaststellen | to establish (a fact), determine | Ik stel door meting vast welke ader de nul is. |
| verwisselen | to swap, interchange | Ik verwissel twee fasedraden. |
| afschermen | to shield, screen | Ik scherm de naastgelegen actieve delen af. |
| vergrendelen | to lock out | De automaat is vergrendeld met een hangslot. |
Mnemonic for separable verbs: the prefix always drifts to the tail of the sentence — uit, in, aan, vast, af almost never stand directly after the verb.
Three sentence patterns you need today
Modal verb + infinitive at the end
Ik moet de installatie spanningsloos maken. — the main verb form (maken) sits right at the end.
Mag ik de hoofdschakelaar inschakelen?
Passive voice with worden (a lot of technical documentation is written this way)
De contactdoos wordt vervangen.
De installatie dient te worden ingeschakeld.
Subordinate clause with omdat / want — note the word order
Ik aard en sluit kort, omdat een extern bedrijf aan de kabel werkt. (after omdat the conjugated verb moves to the end)
Ik aard niet, want er is geen terugspanning mogelijk. (after want the normal word order is kept)
Glossary — technical terms that come up on the diagram and on the shop floor
| Dutch | Meaning |
|---|---|
| de verdeler | the distribution board / consumer unit |
| de eindgroep | the final circuit — the last circuit before the appliance |
| de installatie-automaat | the miniature circuit breaker (B/C/D type) |
| de aardlekschakelaar | the residual current device without overcurrent protection (RCD, Dutch: ALS) |
| de aardlekautomaat | the combined residual current and overcurrent protection device (RCBO, Dutch: ALA) |
| het patroon | the fuse-link (fuse) |
| de klapscheider | the load-break switch (lastscheider) with a knife-blade construction |
| de contactdoos / wcd | the wall socket outlet |
| de schakelaar | the switch |
| de hoofdschakelaar | the main switch |
| het schema | the (electrical) diagram |
| de schakelbrief | the work document for a switching action (switching instruction document) |
| de aanwijzing | the written appointment (VP/VOP) |
| spanningsloos | de-energised, without voltage |
| de spanningsloosheid | the absence of voltage |
| de duspol | the two-pole voltage tester |
| de meting | the measurement |
| de meetwaarde | the measured value |
| de isolatieweerstand | the insulation resistance |
| de beschermingsleiding | the earth conductor (PE) |
| het draaiveld | the phase rotation / phase sequence |
| rechtsom / linksom | clockwise / counter-clockwise |
| de aardingsset | the earthing-and-short-circuiting set |
| de vergrendeling | the lock-out |
| het waarschuwingsbord | the warning sign |
| de vlamboog | the arc flash — electrical arc discharge |
| de belasting | the load |
| de nul / de fase | the neutral conductor / the phase conductor |
| de terugspanning | back-feed voltage — voltage that can return via another path |
| gereed | ready, completed |
| de klapscheider / mespatroonlastscheider | the load-break switch with hinged knife-fuse holders |
| de patroonhouder | the fuse-carrier that holds the cartridge fuse |
| de krachtgroep | the three-phase group for heavy loads |
| de storingsdienst | the call-out/emergency repair service |
| het meethulpstuk | the measuring adaptor for a plug or socket outlet |
| in bedrijf nemen | to put back into service after maintenance |
| uitsluitsel geven | to give an unambiguous answer |
Eight sentences to know by heart
Mag ik de installatie spanningsloos maken?— ask for permission before you begin.Ik heb toestemming nodig van de installatieverantwoordelijke.— explicitly name whose permission you need.Ik heb de duspol eerst op een bekende spanning getest.— the "proof of proof" (proef op de proef), announced out loud.De groep is afgeschakeld, gescheiden en vergrendeld.— confirmation after the first two steps.Ik toon nu de spanningsloosheid aan tussen alle geleiders.— announcement of step 3.Kunt u mijn schakelbrief controleren voordat ik begin?— ask for a final check before execution.Aarden en kortsluiten pas ik hier niet toe, omdat er geen terugspanning mogelijk is.— always argue a deliberately skipped step out loud.De werkzaamheden zijn gereed, de installatie is weer in bedrijf.— explicit sign-off, no silent completion.
If you don't immediately understand a question
Falling silent costs more points than asking for clarification:
Kunt u dat langzamer zeggen, alstublieft?— ask for the pace to slow down.Bedoelt u …?— check your interpretation before you answer.Ik begrijp de vraag, maar ik zoek het Nederlandse woord.— name the problem honestly instead of guessing.
Further reading
- ExamenExam day — checklist, common mistakes and a fixed answer rhythm
- Examen40 NEN 3140 VP exam theory questions — with detailed answers
- B/C/DCircuit breaker characteristics B, C and D — the real difference
- PBMPPE for electrical work — overview and classifications
- VPCompetent Person (VP) — NEN 3140 examination
- §6.3Live working (WOS) — when is it allowed and with what protection?